RESUMO
Objective: Sarcopenia is among the most deleterious effects of aging. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between performance tests and muscular volume over the life span of male and female participants. Method: A correlation study was conducted with healthy individuals (50 males and 47 females) between the ages of 20 and 94; the study group included active older people, sedentary younger people, and young athletes. Muscular volume was determined by tomography and muscular performance (4-meter speed tests [4 MSTs], chair test, and handgrip test), and a correlation analysis between the groups was performed. Results: Sex-related differences were observed between the variables; in males, muscle volume and functional parameters were closely related with age and physical activity, whereas in females, they were not related at all. Conclusion: Male and female muscle volume and performance demonstrate strong differences, which should be considered during clinical evaluations of sarcopenia.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Gonadoblastoma (GB) is regarded as an in situ form of germ cell tumor in dysgenetic gonads, and 30% of patients with GB develop a dysgerminoma/seminoma tumor. OBJECTIVE: Determine whether OCT3/4 and ß-catenin are expressed in dysgenetic gonads before GB development and whether TSPY participates in the OCT3/4-ß-catenin pathways in the malignant invasive behavior. METHODS: dysgenetic gonads of Disorders of sex differentiation (DSD) patients with mixed gonadal dysgenesis were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence for comparison with GB and dysgerminoma/seminoma. RESULTS: Our results suggest that the development of GB is secondary to the interaction of OCT3/4 and TSPY, that ß-catenin does not participate in this process. CONCLUSIONS: The use of this biological markers detects the potential high risk gonads.
